Added control flow

Author: ag-sanjjeev

README.md

@@ -37,9 +37,19 @@ This repository contains Vanilla JavaScript topics and their notes to learn from
 		- [Logical ](./docs/operators.md#-logical)
 		- [Assignment](./docs/operators.md#-assignment)
 		- [Ternary](./docs/operators.md#-ternary)
-	- Control flow
-		- Conditional statements
-		- Loops
+	- [Control flow](./docs/control-flow.md)
+		- [Conditional statements](./docs/control-flow.md#-conditional-statements)
+			- [if statement](./docs/control-flow.md#-if-statement)
+			- [if else statement](./docs/control-flow.md#-if-else-statement)
+			- [else if statement](./docs/control-flow.md#-else-if-statement)
+			- [switch statement](./docs/control-flow.md#-switch-statement)
+		- [Loops](./docs/control-flow.md#-loops)
+			- [for loop](./docs/control-flow.md#-for-loop)
+			- [for in loop](./docs/control-flow.md#-for-in-loop)
+			- [for of loop](./docs/control-flow.md#-for-of-loop)
+			- [while loop](./docs/control-flow.md#-while-loop)
+			- [do while loop](./docs/control-flow.md#-do-while-loop)
+		- [comparison](./docs/control-flow.md#-comparison)
 2. Functions:
 	- Defining functions
 	- Calling functions

docs/control-flow.md

@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+## ⚑ Control Flow
+Control flow refers to the order of the statements execution in a JavaScript program. It allows to make decisions, repeat actions, and control the flow of your code based on certain conditions.
+
+*There are 2 Type Control Flow in JavaScript.*
+
+### ☴ Overview:
+1. [Condition Statements](#-conditional-statements)
+    - [if statement](#-if-statement)
+    - [if else statement](#-if-else-statement)
+    - [else if statement](#-else-if-statement)
+    - [switch statement](#-switch-statement)
+2. [Loops](#-loops)
+    - [for loop](#-for-loop)
+    - [for in loop](#-for-in-loop)
+    - [for of loop](#-for-of-loop)
+    - [while loop](#-while-loop)
+    - [do while loop](#-do-while-loop)
+- [Comparison](#-comparison)
+
+### ✦ Conditional Statements:
+It is used to execute different code blocks based on specific conditions. There are 4 type of conditional statements. 
+
+### ✦ If Statement:
+It executes a block of code only if a condition is true.
+
+*Syntax:*
+```javascript
+if (condition) {
+  // Code to be executed if condition is true
+}
+```
+
+```javascript
+let age = 25;
+
+if (age >= 18) {
+  console.log("You are an adult.");
+}
+```
+
+### ✦ If Else Statement:
+It executes a block of code if the condition is true, otherwise it will execute an another block of code.
+
+*Syntax:*
+```javascript
+if (condition1) {
+  // Code to be executed if condition is true
+} else {
+  // Code to be executed if condition is false
+}
+```
+
+```javascript
+let age = 25;
+
+if (age >= 18) {
+  console.log("You are an adult.");
+} else {
+  console.log("You are a minor");
+}
+```
+
+### ✦ Else If Statement:
+It executes a block of code if the condition is true otherwise it executes another block of code when another condition is true. It also called as nested if statements.
+
+*Syntax:*
+```javascript
+if (condition1) {
+  // Code to be executed if condition1 is true
+} else if (condition2) {
+  // Code to be executed if condition1 is false and condition2 is true
+}
+```
+
+```javascript
+let score = 85;
+
+if (score >= 90) {
+  console.log("Excellent");
+} else if (score >= 80) {
+  console.log("Good");
+} else {
+  console.log("Needs improvement");
+}
+```
+
+### ✦ Switch Statement:
+It executes different code blocks based on the value of an expression.
+
+*Break statement is necessary to stop at specific case condition. Otherwise it will execute further statments as well.*
+
+*Syntax:*
+```JavaScript
+switch (expression) {
+  case value1:
+    // Code to be executed if expression is equal to value1
+    break;
+  case value2:
+    // Code to be executed if expression is equal to value2
+    break;
+  default:
+    // Code to be executed if no case matches
+    break;
+}
+```
+
+```javascript
+let day = "Sunday";
+
+switch (day) {
+  case "Saturday":
+    console.log("It's weekend!");
+    break;
+  case "Sunday":
+    console.log("It's weekend!");
+    break;
+  default:
+    console.log("It's working day!");
+}
+```
+
+
+### ✦ Loops:
+Loops are used to repeatedly execute a block of code until a certain condition is met.
+
+*A Loop has 3 important states which are used to determine the number of times to execute.*
+- Iteration Initialization
+- Condition Check
+- Increment/Decrement of Iteration
+
+### ✦ For Loop:
+It executes a block of code a specified number of times.
+
+*For loop has iteration initialization, condition check, increment/decrement of iteration are inline.*
+
+*Syntax:*
+```javascript
+for (initialization; condition; increment/decrement) {
+  // Code to be executed
+}
+```
+
+```javascript
+for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+  console.log(i);
+}
+```
+
+### &#10022; For In Loop:
+It iterates over the properties of an object.
+
+*Syntax:*
+```javascript
+for (let property in object) {
+  // Code to be executed
+}
+```
+
+```javascript
+let person = { name: "kumar", age: 30 };
+
+for (let key in person) {
+  console.log(key + ": " + person[key]);
+}
+```
+
+### &#10022; For Of Loop:
+It iterates over the values of an iterable object such as arrays, strings.
+
+*Syntax:*
+```javascript
+for (let value of iterable) {
+  // Code to be executed
+}
+```
+
+```javascript
+let fruits = ["apple", "banana", "orange"];
+
+for (let fruit of fruits) {
+  console.log(fruit);
+}
+```
+
+
+### &#10022; While Loop:
+It executes a block of code as long as a condition is true. This kind of loop is useful for the condition is decided based on the block of code in this loop.
+
+*Syntax:*
+```javascript
+while (condition) {
+  // Code to be executed
+  // condition is decided based on the calculation or process or execution
+}
+```
+
+```javascript
+let number = 5;
+var factorial = 1;
+while (number > 0) {
+  factorial *= number;
+  number--;
+}
+console.log(factorial);
+```
+
+### &#10022; Do While Loop:  
+It executes a block of code at least once, then repeats as long as a condition is true.
+
+*Syntax:*
+```javascript
+do {
+  // Code to be executed
+} while (condition);
+```
+
+```javascript
+let number = 5;
+var factorial = 1;
+do {
+  factorial *= number;
+  number--;
+}while (number > 0);
+console.log(factorial);
+```
+
+### &#10022; Comparison:
+- Conditional Statements: 
+  - These statements are used to decide the flow of code or execution.
+- Loops: 
+  - These loops are used to execute certain process or code or statements again and again. To reduce repeated lines of code.
+
+---
+[&#8682; To Top](#-control-flow)
+
+[&#10094; Previous Topic](./operators.md) &emsp; [Next Topic &#10095;](./functions.md)
+
+[&#8962; Goto Home Page](../README.md)