Clip inner content from AttachedCardShadow using CompositionMaskBrush

Microsoft.Toolkit.Uwp.SampleApp/SamplePages/Shadows/AttachedShadowWin2DXaml.bind

@@ -37,7 +37,8 @@
                                     CornerRadius="32"
                                     Color="@[Color:Brush:Black]"
                                     Offset="@[Offset:Vector3:4,4]"
-                                    Opacity="@[Opacity:DoubleSlider:1.0:0.0-1.0]"/>
+                                    Opacity="@[Opacity:DoubleSlider:1.0:0.0-1.0]"
+                                    InnerContentClipMode="@[InnerContentClipMode:Enum:InnerContentClipMode.CompositionGeometricClip]"/>
         </ui:Effects.Shadow>
       </Rectangle>
       <!-- If you want to apply a shadow directly in your visual tree to an untemplated element

Microsoft.Toolkit.Uwp.UI.Media/Enums/InnerContentClipMode.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// Licensed to the .NET Foundation under one or more agreements.
+// The .NET Foundation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
+// See the LICENSE file in the project root for more information.
+
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Text;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+
+namespace Microsoft.Toolkit.Uwp.UI.Media
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// The method that each instance of <see cref="AttachedCardShadow"/> uses when clipping its inner content.
+    /// </summary>
+    public enum InnerContentClipMode
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Do not clip inner content.
+        /// </summary>
+        None,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Use <see cref="Windows.UI.Composition.CompositionMaskBrush"/> to clip inner content.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <remarks>
+        /// This mode has better performance than <see cref="CompositionGeometricClip"/>.
+        /// </remarks>
+        CompositionMaskBrush,
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Use <see cref="Windows.UI.Composition.CompositionGeometricClip"/> to clip inner content.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <remarks>
+        /// Content clipped in this mode will have smoother corners than when using <see cref="CompositionMaskBrush"/>.
+        /// </remarks>
+        CompositionGeometricClip
+    }
+}

Microsoft.Toolkit.Uwp.UI.Media/Shadows/AttachedCardShadow.cs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 using Windows.UI;
 using Windows.UI.Composition;
 using Windows.UI.Xaml;
+using Windows.UI.Xaml.Hosting;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Toolkit.Uwp.UI.Media
 {
@@ -20,9 +21,18 @@ namespace Microsoft.Toolkit.Uwp.UI.Media
     public sealed class AttachedCardShadow : AttachedShadowBase
     {
         private const float MaxBlurRadius = 72;
-        private static readonly TypedResourceKey<CompositionGeometricClip> ClipResourceKey = "Clip";
 
+        private static readonly TypedResourceKey<CompositionGeometricClip> ClipResourceKey = "Clip";
         private static readonly TypedResourceKey<CompositionPathGeometry> PathGeometryResourceKey = "PathGeometry";
+        private static readonly TypedResourceKey<CompositionMaskBrush> OpacityMaskBrushResourceKey = "OpacityMask";
+        private static readonly TypedResourceKey<ShapeVisual> OpacityMaskShapeVisualResourceKey = "OpacityMaskShapeVisual";
+        private static readonly TypedResourceKey<CompositionRoundedRectangleGeometry> OpacityMaskGeometryResourceKey = "OpacityMaskGeometry";
+        private static readonly TypedResourceKey<CompositionSpriteShape> OpacityMaskSpriteShapeResourceKey = "OpacityMaskSpriteShape";
+        private static readonly TypedResourceKey<CompositionVisualSurface> OpacityMaskShapeVisualSurfaceResourceKey = "OpacityMaskShapeVisualSurface";
+        private static readonly TypedResourceKey<CompositionSurfaceBrush> OpacityMaskShapeVisualSurfaceBrushResourceKey = "OpacityMaskShapeVisualSurfaceBrush";
+        private static readonly TypedResourceKey<CompositionVisualSurface> OpacityMaskVisualSurfaceResourceKey = "OpacityMaskVisualSurface";
+        private static readonly TypedResourceKey<CompositionSurfaceBrush> OpacityMaskSurfaceBrushResourceKey = "OpacityMaskSurfaceBrush";
+        private static readonly TypedResourceKey<SpriteVisual> OpacityMaskVisualResourceKey = "OpacityMaskVisual";
         private static readonly TypedResourceKey<CompositionRoundedRectangleGeometry> RoundedRectangleGeometryResourceKey = "RoundedGeometry";
         private static readonly TypedResourceKey<CompositionSpriteShape> ShapeResourceKey = "Shape";
         private static readonly TypedResourceKey<ShapeVisual> ShapeVisualResourceKey = "ShapeVisual";
@@ -39,6 +49,16 @@ public sealed class AttachedCardShadow : AttachedShadowBase
                 typeof(AttachedCardShadow),
                 new PropertyMetadata(4d, OnDependencyPropertyChanged)); // Default WinUI ControlCornerRadius is 4
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The <see cref="DependencyProperty"/> for <see cref="InnerContentClipMode"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        public static readonly DependencyProperty InnerContentClipModeProperty =
+            DependencyProperty.Register(
+                nameof(InnerContentClipMode),
+                typeof(InnerContentClipMode),
+                typeof(AttachedCardShadow),
+                new PropertyMetadata(InnerContentClipMode.CompositionGeometricClip, OnDependencyPropertyChanged));
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Gets or sets the roundness of the shadow's corners.
         /// </summary>
@@ -48,24 +68,47 @@ public double CornerRadius
             set => SetValue(CornerRadiusProperty, value);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets or sets the mode use to clip inner content from the shadow.
+        /// </summary>
+        public InnerContentClipMode InnerContentClipMode
+        {
+            get => (InnerContentClipMode)GetValue(InnerContentClipModeProperty);
+            set => SetValue(InnerContentClipModeProperty, value);
+        }
+
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         public override bool IsSupported => SupportsCompositionVisualSurface;
 
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         protected internal override bool SupportsOnSizeChangedEvent => true;
 
+        /// <inheritdoc/>
+        protected internal override void OnElementContextInitialized(AttachedShadowElementContext context)
+        {
+            UpdateVisualOpacityMask(context);
+            base.OnElementContextInitialized(context);
+        }
+
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         protected override void OnPropertyChanged(AttachedShadowElementContext context, DependencyProperty property, object oldValue, object newValue)
         {
             if (property == CornerRadiusProperty)
             {
+                UpdateShadowClip(context);
+                UpdateVisualOpacityMask(context);
+
                 var geometry = context.GetResource(RoundedRectangleGeometryResourceKey);
                 if (geometry != null)
                 {
                     geometry.CornerRadius = new Vector2((float)(double)newValue);
                 }
-
+            }
+            else if (property == InnerContentClipModeProperty)
+            {
                 UpdateShadowClip(context);
+                UpdateVisualOpacityMask(context);
+                SetElementChildVisual(context);
             }
             else
             {
@@ -114,6 +157,13 @@ protected override CompositionBrush GetShadowMask(AttachedShadowElementContext c
         /// <inheritdoc/>
         protected override CompositionClip GetShadowClip(AttachedShadowElementContext context)
         {
+            if (InnerContentClipMode != InnerContentClipMode.CompositionGeometricClip)
+            {
+                context.RemoveAndDisposeResource(PathGeometryResourceKey);
+                context.RemoveAndDisposeResource(ClipResourceKey);
+                return null;
+            }
+
             // The way this shadow works without the need to project on another element is because
             // we're clipping the inner part of the shadow which would be cast on the element
             // itself away. This method is creating an outline so that we are only showing the
@@ -144,24 +194,130 @@ protected override CompositionClip GetShadowClip(AttachedShadowElementContext co
             return clip;
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Updates the <see cref="CompositionBrush"/> used to mask <paramref name="context"/>.<see cref="AttachedShadowElementContext.SpriteVisual">SpriteVisual</see>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="context">The <see cref="AttachedShadowElementContext"/> whose <see cref="SpriteVisual"/> will be masked.</param>
+        private void UpdateVisualOpacityMask(AttachedShadowElementContext context)
+        {
+            if (InnerContentClipMode != InnerContentClipMode.CompositionMaskBrush)
+            {
+                context.RemoveAndDisposeResource(OpacityMaskShapeVisualResourceKey);
+                context.RemoveAndDisposeResource(OpacityMaskGeometryResourceKey);
+                context.RemoveAndDisposeResource(OpacityMaskSpriteShapeResourceKey);
+                context.RemoveAndDisposeResource(OpacityMaskShapeVisualSurfaceResourceKey);
+                context.RemoveAndDisposeResource(OpacityMaskShapeVisualSurfaceBrushResourceKey);
+                return;
+            }
+
+            // Create ShapeVisual, and CompositionSpriteShape with geometry, these will provide the visuals for the opacity mask.
+            ShapeVisual shapeVisual = context.GetResource(OpacityMaskShapeVisualResourceKey) ??
+                context.AddResource(OpacityMaskShapeVisualResourceKey, context.Compositor.CreateShapeVisual());
+
+            CompositionRoundedRectangleGeometry geometry = context.GetResource(OpacityMaskGeometryResourceKey) ??
+                context.AddResource(OpacityMaskGeometryResourceKey, context.Compositor.CreateRoundedRectangleGeometry());
+            CompositionSpriteShape shape = context.GetResource(OpacityMaskSpriteShapeResourceKey) ??
+                context.AddResource(OpacityMaskSpriteShapeResourceKey, context.Compositor.CreateSpriteShape(geometry));
+
+            // Set the attributes of the geometry, and add the CompositionSpriteShape to the ShapeVisual.
+            // The geometry will have a thick outline and no fill, meaning that when used as a mask,
+            // the shadow will only be rendered on the outer area covered by the outline, clipping out its inner portion.
+            geometry.Offset = new Vector2(MaxBlurRadius / 2);
+            geometry.CornerRadius = new Vector2((MaxBlurRadius / 2) + (float)CornerRadius);
+            shape.StrokeThickness = MaxBlurRadius;
+            shape.StrokeBrush = shape.StrokeBrush ?? context.Compositor.CreateColorBrush(Colors.Black);
+
+            if (!shapeVisual.Shapes.Contains(shape))
+            {
+                shapeVisual.Shapes.Add(shape);
+            }
+
+            // Create CompositionVisualSurface using the ShapeVisual as the source visual.
+            CompositionVisualSurface visualSurface = context.GetResource(OpacityMaskShapeVisualSurfaceResourceKey) ??
+                context.AddResource(OpacityMaskShapeVisualSurfaceResourceKey, context.Compositor.CreateVisualSurface());
+            visualSurface.SourceVisual = shapeVisual;
+
+            geometry.Size = new Vector2((float)context.Element.ActualWidth, (float)context.Element.ActualHeight) + new Vector2(MaxBlurRadius);
+            shapeVisual.Size = visualSurface.SourceSize = new Vector2((float)context.Element.ActualWidth, (float)context.Element.ActualHeight) + new Vector2(MaxBlurRadius * 2);
+
+            // Create a CompositionSurfaceBrush using the CompositionVisualSurface as the source, this essentially converts the ShapeVisual into a brush.
+            // This brush can then be used as a mask.
+            CompositionSurfaceBrush opacityMask = context.GetResource(OpacityMaskShapeVisualSurfaceBrushResourceKey) ??
+                context.AddResource(OpacityMaskShapeVisualSurfaceBrushResourceKey, context.Compositor.CreateSurfaceBrush());
+            opacityMask.Surface = visualSurface;
+        }
+
         /// <inheritdoc/>
+        protected override void SetElementChildVisual(AttachedShadowElementContext context)
+        {
+            if (context.TryGetResource(OpacityMaskShapeVisualSurfaceBrushResourceKey, out CompositionSurfaceBrush opacityMask))
+            {
+                // If the resource for OpacityMaskShapeVisualSurfaceBrushResourceKey exists it means this.InnerContentClipMode == CompositionVisualSurface,
+                // which means we need to take some steps to set up an opacity mask.
+
+                // Create a CompositionVisualSurface, and use the SpriteVisual containing the shadow as the source.
+                CompositionVisualSurface shadowVisualSurface = context.GetResource(OpacityMaskVisualSurfaceResourceKey) ??
+                    context.AddResource(OpacityMaskVisualSurfaceResourceKey, context.Compositor.CreateVisualSurface());
+                shadowVisualSurface.SourceVisual = context.SpriteVisual;
+                context.SpriteVisual.RelativeSizeAdjustment = Vector2.Zero;
+                context.SpriteVisual.Size = new Vector2((float)context.Element.ActualWidth, (float)context.Element.ActualHeight);
+
+                // Adjust the offset and size of the CompositionVisualSurface to accommodate the thick outline of the shape created in UpdateVisualOpacityMask().
+                shadowVisualSurface.SourceOffset = new Vector2(-MaxBlurRadius);
+                shadowVisualSurface.SourceSize = new Vector2((float)context.Element.ActualWidth, (float)context.Element.ActualHeight) + new Vector2(MaxBlurRadius * 2);
+
+                // Create a CompositionSurfaceBrush from the CompositionVisualSurface. This allows us to render the shadow in a brush.
+                CompositionSurfaceBrush shadowSurfaceBrush = context.GetResource(OpacityMaskSurfaceBrushResourceKey) ??
+                    context.AddResource(OpacityMaskSurfaceBrushResourceKey, context.Compositor.CreateSurfaceBrush());
+                shadowSurfaceBrush.Surface = shadowVisualSurface;
+                shadowSurfaceBrush.Stretch = CompositionStretch.None;
+
+                // Create a CompositionMaskBrush, using the CompositionSurfaceBrush of the shadow as the source,
+                // and the CompositionSurfaceBrush created in UpdateVisualOpacityMask() as the mask.
+                // This creates a brush that renders the shadow with its inner portion clipped out.
+                CompositionMaskBrush maskBrush = context.GetResource(OpacityMaskBrushResourceKey) ??
+                    context.AddResource(OpacityMaskBrushResourceKey, context.Compositor.CreateMaskBrush());
+                maskBrush.Source = shadowSurfaceBrush;
+                maskBrush.Mask = opacityMask;
+
+                // Create a SpriteVisual and set its brush to the CompositionMaskBrush created in the previous step,
+                // then set it as the child of the element in the context.
+                SpriteVisual visual = context.GetResource(OpacityMaskVisualResourceKey) ??
+                    context.AddResource(OpacityMaskVisualResourceKey, context.Compositor.CreateSpriteVisual());
+                visual.RelativeSizeAdjustment = Vector2.One;
+                visual.Offset = new Vector3(-MaxBlurRadius, -MaxBlurRadius, 0);
+                visual.Size = new Vector2(MaxBlurRadius * 2);
+                visual.Brush = maskBrush;
+                ElementCompositionPreview.SetElementChildVisual(context.Element, visual);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                base.SetElementChildVisual(context);
+                context.RemoveAndDisposeResource(OpacityMaskVisualSurfaceResourceKey);
+                context.RemoveAndDisposeResource(OpacityMaskSurfaceBrushResourceKey);
+                context.RemoveAndDisposeResource(OpacityMaskVisualResourceKey);
+                context.RemoveAndDisposeResource(OpacityMaskBrushResourceKey);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc />
         protected internal override void OnSizeChanged(AttachedShadowElementContext context, Size newSize, Size previousSize)
         {
-            var sizeAsVec2 = newSize.ToVector2();
+            Vector2 sizeAsVec2 = newSize.ToVector2();
 
-            var geometry = context.GetResource(RoundedRectangleGeometryResourceKey);
+            CompositionRoundedRectangleGeometry geometry = context.GetResource(RoundedRectangleGeometryResourceKey);
             if (geometry != null)
             {
                 geometry.Size = sizeAsVec2;
             }
 
-            var visualSurface = context.GetResource(VisualSurfaceResourceKey);
+            CompositionVisualSurface visualSurface = context.GetResource(VisualSurfaceResourceKey);
             if (geometry != null)
             {
                 visualSurface.SourceSize = sizeAsVec2;
             }
 
-            var shapeVisual = context.GetResource(ShapeVisualResourceKey);
+            ShapeVisual shapeVisual = context.GetResource(ShapeVisualResourceKey);
             if (geometry != null)
             {
                 shapeVisual.Size = sizeAsVec2;

Microsoft.Toolkit.Uwp.UI/Shadows/AttachedShadowElementContext.cs

@@ -137,10 +137,13 @@ private void Uninitialize()
 
             Parent.OnElementContextUninitialized(this);
 
-            SpriteVisual.Shadow = null;
-            SpriteVisual.Dispose();
+            if (SpriteVisual != null)
+            {
+                SpriteVisual.Shadow = null;
+                SpriteVisual.Dispose();
+            }
 
-            Shadow.Dispose();
+            Shadow?.Dispose();
 
             ElementCompositionPreview.SetElementChildVisual(Element, null);
 
@@ -197,7 +200,7 @@ public T AddResource<T>(string key, T resource)
         /// <returns>True if the resource exists, false otherwise</returns>
         public bool TryGetResource<T>(string key, out T resource)
         {
-            if (_resources != null && _resources.TryGetValue(key, out var objResource) && objResource is T tResource)
+            if (_resources is not null && _resources.TryGetValue(key, out var objResource) && objResource is T tResource)
             {
                 resource = tResource;
                 return true;
@@ -231,7 +234,7 @@ public T GetResource<T>(string key)
         /// <returns>The resource that was removed, if any</returns>
         public T RemoveResource<T>(string key)
         {
-            if (_resources.TryGetValue(key, out var objResource))
+            if (_resources is not null && _resources.TryGetValue(key, out var objResource))
             {
                 _resources.Remove(key);
                 if (objResource is T resource)
@@ -252,7 +255,7 @@ public T RemoveResource<T>(string key)
         public T RemoveAndDisposeResource<T>(string key)
             where T : IDisposable
         {
-            if (_resources.TryGetValue(key, out var objResource))
+            if (_resources is not null && _resources.TryGetValue(key, out var objResource))
             {
                 _resources.Remove(key);
                 if (objResource is T resource)
@@ -306,7 +309,7 @@ internal T RemoveAndDisposeResource<T>(TypedResourceKey<T> key)
         /// </summary>
         public void ClearAndDisposeResources()
         {
-            if (_resources != null)
+            if (_resources is not null)
             {
                 foreach (var kvp in _resources)
                 {